Whereas the twentieth century symbolized the abundance of black gold for Middle East countries, the beginning of the twenty-first century was marked by shortages of blue gold. Trapped between Turkey and Iran, two hydro-hegemons capable of controlling the flows of both the Tigris and the Euphrates, Iraq is also vulnerable to climate change. Above all, in Iraq, the water crisis, the result of decades of inaction on the part of the government, is also due to a lack of regional cooperation and coordination.